General

Babelot is a search engine that allows you to scour all major virtual libraries. 

Russian-specific

The Aldebaran library project offers over 6,500 books and 31,000 books, many of which can be downloaded for free. In Russian only. 

ArtofWar is a huge online collection of modern literature inspired by war, including in Chechnya, Afghanistan,Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabagh and wars not involving Russia or the Soviet Union.  Genres include poetry, novels, short-stories, fantasy, crime, children’s literature, memoirs, essays, diaries, interviews and histories. Whilst most of these are in Russian, there is a sizeable selection of English translations. There is also a collection of artwork.

Modern Russian Writers is an online reference guide provided by the Slavic Research Center at Hokkaido University. It offers basic biographical and bibliographical details on hundreds of modern Russian writers. This resource is in Japanese. Some information is only available in Russian.

The Opoyaz website is dedicated to the history of Russian Formalism, in particularly the OPOYAZ movement (Society for the Study of Poetic Language). In addition, it publishes documents on history of language studies and linguistics from the Soviet period from the 1920s to the 1950s. It aims to re-publish rare and out-of-print documents and articles. In Russian only.

Russian Literature from the 18th to 20th Century is a project from the ‘Druz’ia i Partneri’ organisation offering one of the largest literature servers in Russia. It contains biographies, over 10000 poetic works, 700 proverbs and 1600 citations as well as a section on children’s literature and a large section on non-Russian literature. In Russianonly.

Russian Poets of the 20th Century is a site containing poems in Russian and biographies of six of the major Silver Age poets: Aleksandr Blok, Anna Akhmatova, Boris Pasternak, Osip Mandelshtam, Marina Tsvetaeva and VladimirMayakovsky.

The SovLit database contains Soviet 20^th century literary journals, many of whose texts are available online, including those of journals such as LEF and Krasnaia nov’.  In Russian only.